Fillers and reinforcing agents
Carbon black gives resistance to wear. Without which the life of the tyre will be
very much reduced. In the tread half of the weight of raw rubber is carbon black. It is
prepared by burning crude oil in special furnaces. There are different grades of carbon
black which are used. One type is used in tyre casings where resistance to heat generated
in normal running is the main requirement. And specifically, the grades are different for
the sidewall, tread and apex.
Other fillers include white carbon or Silicon dioxide (Silica) and Kaolin clay.
Especially silica is used in some tread compounds so as to reduce the tyre’s forward
rolling resistance which reduces the fuel consumption while maintaining properties like
wet grip and better winter performance. A more detailed description of silica technology
is given under the section concerning tyre tread patterns.
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